ISSN 2384-5066
Abstract
Post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS), or long COVID, encompasses a variety of persistent symptoms following the acute phase of COVID-19 infection, affecting approximately 10% to 35% of individuals. Among its wide-ranging effects, psychological consequences have emerged as particularly significant, with many survivors experiencing anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and cognitive dysfunction. These mental health issues not only hinder recovery but also diminish overall quality of life. Beyond the direct effects of the virus, the pandemic’s broader impact—including social isolation, economic uncertainty, and disrupted routines—has further exacerbated mental health challenges worldwide. Studies have documented marked increases in mental health disorders, notably a 27.6% rise in major depressive disorder and a 25.6% increase in anxiety disorders. Certain groups, such as healthcare workers and individuals with pre-existing psychiatric conditions, have shown greater susceptibility to long-term psychological distress. Contributing factors include persistent physical symptoms, demographic vulnerabilities (e.g., younger age and lower socioeconomic status), and the complex interplay between mental and physical health. Addressing PCS requires a comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach involving psychological therapies, community-based support, and individualised care. Continued research is essential to develop effective interventions and enhance mental health resilience among those affected by the lasting consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Keywords: COVID, spider vein, exercise, consequences, daily activity, psychology